Introduction Lots of analyst misinterpret the term 'boosting' used in data science. Let me provide an interesting explanation of this term. Boosting grants power to machine learning models to improve their accuracy of prediction. Boosting algorithms are one of the most widely used algorithm in data science competitions. The winners of our last hackathons agree that they try boosting algorithm to improve accuracy of their models. In this article, I will explain how boosting algorithm works in very simple manner. I've also shared the Python codes below. I've skipped the intimidating mathematical derivations used in Boosting. Because, that wouldn't have allowed me to explain this concept in simple terms. Let's get started. What is Boosting? Definition: The term 'Boosting' refers to a family of algorithms which convert...

Have you heard about contour line art but aren't sure what it is? The good news is that you've likely already made dozens, maybe even hundreds, of contour line drawings throughout your life without realizing it! Contour drawing is one of the easiest and most effective ways to improve your hand-eye coordination and drawing skills. In this guide, we explain what contour lines in art are and how you make contour line art. We also suggest different contour drawing exercises so you can keep improving your skills. What Is Contour Line Drawing? Contour line art is a method of drawing where you draw only the outline of an object, without any shading. "Contour" actually means "outline" in French, which is where the name comes from. For example, if you wante...

Introduction Let's come straight to the point on this one – there are only 2 types of variables you see – Continuous and Discrete. Further, discrete variables can divided into Nominal (categorical) and Ordinal. We did a post on how to handle categorical variables last week, so you would expect a similar post on continuous variable. Yes, you are right – In this article, we will explain all possible ways for a beginner to handle continuous variables while doing machine learning or statistical modeling. But, before we actually start, first things first. What are Continuous Variables? Simply put, if a variable can take any value between its minimum and maximum value, then it is called a continuous variable. By nature, a lot of things we deal with fall in this category: age, weight, height being some of them. Just to make sure the difference is clear, let me ask you to classify whether a variab...

Derivative The derivative of a function is the rate of change of the function's output relative to its input value. Given y = f(x), the derivative of f(x), denoted f'(x) (or df(x)/dx), is defined by the following limit: The definition of the derivative is derived from the formula for the slope of a line. Recall that the slope of a line is the rate of change of the line, which is computed as the ratio of the change in y to the change in x. Geometrically, the derivative is the slope of the line tangent to the curve at a point of interest. It is sometimes referred to as the instantaneous rate of change. Typically, we calculate the slope of a line using two points on the line. This is not possible for a curve, since the slope of a curve changes from point to point. Consider the figure below. The figure shows a curve (blue) with two points: (x, f(x)) and (x ...

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